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Anopheles (/ ə ˈ n ɒ f ɪ l iː z /) is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. [1] Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite Plasmodium , a genus of protozoans that cause malaria in birds , reptiles , and mammals , including humans.
Culex or typical mosquitoes are a genus of mosquitoes, several species of which serve as vectors of one or more important diseases of birds, humans, and other animals. The diseases they vector include arbovirus infections such as West Nile virus , Japanese encephalitis , or St. Louis encephalitis , but also filariasis and avian malaria .
Aedes (also known as the tiger mosquito [1]) is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been spread by human activity : Aedes albopictus , a particularly invasive species , was spread to the Americas , including the United States , in the ...
Disease vector mosquitoes like Anopheles and Aedes are anautogenous, requiring blood to lay eggs. Many Culex species are partially anautogenous, needing blood only for their second and subsequent clutches of eggs.
The most common mosquito vectors that aid in transmission are Anopheles in Africa, Culex in America, Aedes and Mansonia in Asia (Zulfiqar et al., 2023). Female worms are ovoviviparous and can produce thousands of juveniles known as microfilariae, in infected humans. These are ingested by mosquitoes when they bite.
At this point in the year, we’re all quite familiar with the sounds of summer: the breeze through the trees, the birdsong, the chatter of children playing outside – and the persistent buzz of ...
Of the approximately 430 Anopheles species, while over 100 are known to be able to transmit malaria to humans, only 30–40 commonly do so in nature. Mosquitoes in other genera can transmit different diseases, such as yellow fever and dengue for species in the genus Aedes. The genus Aedes has over 950 species. [1]
Twenty-seven (27) sub-Saharan African countries have reported Anopheles vector resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. [38] Indoor spraying of insecticides is another prevention method widely used to control mosquito vectors. To help control the Aedes aegypti mosquito, homes are sprayed indoors with residual insecticide applications.