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a formal diplomatic representation (diplomatic correspondence) of the official position, views or wishes on a subject from one government to another government or intergovernmental organization. Diplomatic démarches are delivered to the appropriate official of a government or organization.
Some but not all provisions in the Convention regarding this immunity reflect customary international law. [4] Consular immunity is a lesser form of diplomatic immunity. Consular officers and consular employees have "functional immunity" (i.e., immunity from the jurisdiction of the receiving state "in respect of acts performed in exercise of ...
The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.Usually considered one of the most consequential amendments, it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to formerly enslaved Americans following the American Civil War.
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 is an international treaty that defines a framework for diplomatic relations between independent countries. [2] Its aim is to facilitate "the development of friendly relations" among governments through a uniform set of practices and principles; [3] most notably, it codifies the longstanding custom of diplomatic immunity, in which ...
The most fundamental rule of diplomatic law is that the person of a diplomatic agent is inviolable. [2] Diplomats may not be detained or arrested, and enjoy complete immunity from criminal prosecution in the receiving state, although there is no immunity from the jurisdiction of the sending state. [3]
Law Among Nations: An Introduction to Public International Law. Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-423175-4. Daniel Högger (2015). The Recognition of States: A Study on the Historical Development in Doctrine and Practice with a Special Focus on the Requirements. LIT. ISBN 978-3-643-80196-8. Malcolm N. Shaw (2003). International Law. Cambridge University Press.
There are two meanings of the word "protocol" in the context of international relations. In the legal sense, it is defined as an international agreement that supplements or amends a treaty. In the diplomatic sense, the term refers to the set of rules, procedures, conventions and ceremonies that relate to relations between states.
A protecting power is a country that represents another sovereign state—the protected power—in a third country where the protected power lacks its own formal diplomatic representation (e.g., lacks an embassy or consulate). [2] It is common for protecting powers to be appointed when two countries break off diplomatic relations with each other.