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In anteroposterior (AP) views, the positions of the x-ray source and detector are reversed: the x-ray beam enters through the anterior aspect and exits through the posterior aspect of the chest. AP chest x-rays are harder to read than PA x-rays and are therefore generally reserved for situations where it is difficult for the patient to get an ...
After positioning in which the patient sits upright with their arms at the side, with the chest clear of clothing, the four stages of the examination can be carried out. In order to listen to the lungs from the back the patient is asked to move their arms forward to prevent the scapulae (shoulder blades) from obstructing the upper lung fields.
Projectional radiography, also known as conventional radiography, [1] is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by X-ray radiation.The image acquisition is generally performed by radiographers, and the images are often examined by radiologists.
The Trendelenburg position may be used for drainage images during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. [10] The Trendelenburg position is reasonable in those with a cord prolapse who are unable to achieve a knee-to-chest position. [11] It is a temporary measure until a cesarean section can be performed. [11]
A KUB is a plain frontal supine radiograph of the abdomen. It is often supplemented by an upright PA view of the chest (to rule out air under the diaphragm or thoracic etiologies presenting as abdominal complaints) and a standing view of the abdomen (to differentiate obstruction from ileus by examining gastrointestinal air/water levels).
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Air-fluid level may be observed if the radiograph is taken in "head-up" position. [2] It is not seen in radiograph taken in lying down position. The concavity of fluid opacity points upwards. Polyp: Maxillary sinus shows radiopacity; which is present despite the position in which the radiograph is taken.
A growing number of prominent companies have scaled back or set aside the diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives that much of corporate America endorsed following the protests that ...