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Song dynasty, Liao dynasty and Jin Empire; Yuan dynasty and Ming dynasty; Qing dynasty; On each map, ancient places and water features are shown in black and blue respectively, superimposed on modern features, borders and claims, shown in brown. All country-wide maps, from Paleolithic onward, include an inset showing the nine-dash line in the ...
In 1286, Persian astronomer Jamāl al-Dīn made Kublai Khan (who had brought him east to undertake co-operative research with Chinese scholars in the 1260s) [15] a proposal for merging several maps of the empire into a single world map, and it resulted in the Tianxia Dili Zongtu (天下地理總圖). It was supposedly a world map but is lost today.
Chinese Empire" (or "Empire of China") was commonly used during the Qing period, most notably in the western maps and international treaties. The Tsardom of Russia began official communications with the Qing dynasty in the 1650s, and Russian documents from that period referred to Qing China as "Empire of China", "Chinese state" or the state of ...
A map of the Qing dynasty, c. 1820 Official map of the Qing Empire published in 1905 In the 19th century the empire was internally restive and externally threatened by western powers. The defeat by the British Empire in the First Opium War (1840) led to the Treaty of Nanking (1842), under which Hong Kong was ceded to Britain and importation of ...
The Da Ming Hunyi Tu (Chinese for the "Amalgamated Map of the Ming Empire") is an extensive Chinese map. It was painted in colour on stiff silk and 386 x 456 cm in size. [1] The original text was written in Classical Chinese, but on the surviving copy Manchu labels were later superimposed. The surviving copy of the map shows later revisions ...
When describing the Chinese Empire under the Qing dynasty, Winterbotham divided it into three parts: China proper, Chinese Tartary, and the states tributary to China. He adopted the opinions of Du Halde and Grosier and suspected that the name of "China" came from Qin dynasty .
Tang 唐 618–690, 705–907 (690–705: Wu Zhou) The empire in 661, when it reached its greatest extent Civil administration Military administration Briefly-controlled areas Capital Chang'an (618–904) Luoyang (904–907) Common languages Middle Chinese Religion Main religions: Chinese Buddhism Taoism Chinese folk religion Others: Nestorian Christianity Chinese Manichaeism Zoroastrianism ...
The empire's "spiritual centre of gravity" was the "religio-political state". [135] Since the empire was part of the order of the cosmos, which conferred the Mandate of Heaven, the emperor as "Son of Heaven" was both the head of the political system and the head priest of the State Cult.