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Diagram of cyclotron operation from Lawrence's 1934 patent. The hollow, open-faced D-shaped electrodes (left), known as dees, are enclosed in a flat vacuum chamber which is installed in a narrow gap between the two poles of a large magnet (right). Vacuum chamber of Lawrence 69 cm (27 in) 1932 cyclotron with cover removed, showing the dees.
Diagram of a cyclotron orbit of a particle with speed v, which is the classical trajectory of a charged particle (here positive charge) under a uniform magnetic field B. In physics, cyclotron motion, also known as gyromotion, refers to the circular motion exhibited by charged particles in a uniform magnetic field.
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Diagram of a cyclotron orbit of a particle with speed v, which is the classical trajectory of a charged particle (here positive charge) under a uniform magnetic field B. The Landau quantization refers to a quantum charged particle under a uniform magnetic field.
It is often useful to give the gyrofrequency a sign with the definition = or express it in units of hertz with =. For electrons, this frequency can be reduced to , = (/).. In cgs-units the gyroradius = | | and the corresponding gyrofrequency = | | include a factor , that is the velocity of light, because the magnetic field is expressed in units [] = / /.
Typically, experiments that measure cyclotron motion (cyclotron resonance, De Haas–Van Alphen effect, etc.) are restricted to only probe motion for energies near the Fermi level. In two-dimensional electron gases , the cyclotron effective mass is defined only for one magnetic field direction (perpendicular) and the out-of-plane wavevector ...
A diagram of a Rhodotron. The electron beam is in red. E is the electron gun, L is an electron lens, C is the radiofrequency cavity, and M is a bending magnet. A Rhodotron is an industrial electron accelerator first proposed in 1987 by J. Pottier of the French Atomic Energy Agency (CEA), [34] manufactured by Belgian company Ion Beam ...
Cyclotron resonance may refer to: Ion cyclotron resonance; Electron cyclotron resonance This page was last edited on 19 February 2025, at 07:59 (UTC). Text is ...