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The cosmological redshift can be interpreted as an accumulation of infinitesimal Doppler shifts along the trajectory of the light. [30] There are several websites for calculating various times and distances from redshift, as the precise calculations require numerical integrals for most values of the parameters. [31] [32] [33] [34]
Redshift quantization, also referred to as redshift periodicity, [1] redshift discretization, [2] preferred redshifts [3] and redshift-magnitude bands, [4] [5] is the hypothesis that the redshifts of cosmologically distant objects (in particular galaxies and quasars) tend to cluster around multiples of some particular value.
Gravitational redshift can be interpreted as a consequence of the equivalence principle (that gravitational effects are locally equivalent to inertial effects and the redshift is caused by the Doppler effect) [5] or as a consequence of the mass–energy equivalence and conservation of energy ('falling' photons gain energy), [6] [7] though there ...
The angular size redshift relation for a Lambda cosmology, with on the vertical scale megaparsecs. The angular size redshift relation describes the relation between the angular size observed on the sky of an object of given physical size, and the object's redshift from Earth (which is related to its distance, d {\displaystyle d} , from Earth).
In astronomy, a redshift survey is a survey of a section of the sky to measure the redshift of astronomical objects: usually galaxies, but sometimes other objects such as galaxy clusters or quasars. Using Hubble's law, the redshift can be used to estimate the distance of an object from Earth. By combining redshift with angular position data, a ...
A photometric redshift is an estimate for the recession velocity of an astronomical object such as a galaxy or quasar, made without measuring its spectrum.The technique uses photometry (that is, the brightness of the object viewed through various standard filters, each of which lets through a relatively broad passband of colours, such as red light, green light, or blue light) to determine the ...
where z is the redshift. D M {\displaystyle D_{M}} is a factor that allows calculation of the comoving distance between two objects with the same redshift but at different positions of the sky; if the two objects are separated by an angle δ θ {\displaystyle \delta \theta } , the comoving distance between them would be D M δ θ {\displaystyle ...
[36] [37] The first accurate measurement of the gravitational redshift of a white dwarf was done by Popper in 1954, measuring a 21 km/s gravitational redshift of 40 Eridani B. [37] The redshift of Sirius B was finally measured by Greenstein et al. in 1971, obtaining the value for the gravitational redshift of 89 ± 16 km/s , with more accurate ...