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Quantum finance is an interdisciplinary research field, applying theories and methods developed by quantum physicists and economists in order to solve problems in finance. It is a branch of econophysics .
Quanto options, in which the difference between the underlying and a fixed strike price is paid out in another currency. Quanto swaps, in which one counterparty pays a non-local interest rate to the other, but the notional amount is in local currency. The second party may be paying a fixed or floating rate.
Price variance (Vmp) is a term used in cost accounting which denotes the difference between the expected cost of an item (standard cost) and the actual cost at the time of purchase. [1] The price of an item is often affected by the quantity of items ordered, and this is taken into consideration.
There are two reasons actual sales can vary from planned sales: either the volume sold varied from the expected quantity, known as sales volume variance, or the price point at which units were sold differed from the expected price points, known as sales price variance. Both scenarios could also simultaneously contribute to the variance.
The quantity theory of money (often abbreviated QTM) is a hypothesis within monetary economics which states that the general price level of goods and services is directly proportional to the amount of money in circulation (i.e., the money supply), and that the causality runs from money to prices. This implies that the theory potentially ...
The editorial in the inaugural issue of the journal Quantum Economics and Finance says: "Quantum economics and finance is the application of probability based on projective geometry—also known as quantum probability—to modelling in economics and finance. It draws on related areas such as quantum cognition, quantum game theory, quantum ...
Aristotle regarded quantity as a fundamental ontological and scientific category. In Aristotle's ontology, quantity or quantum was classified into two different types, which he characterized as follows: Quantum means that which is divisible into two or more constituent parts, of which each is by nature a one and a this. A quantum is a plurality ...
The most famous of these is the controversy about Marx's prices of production, sometimes called the transformation problem in which it is argued that total output value must equal total output production prices, and total profits must equal total surplus value, so that the distributions of particular output values and output prices can then be ...