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The ability to produce seedless fruit when pollination is unsuccessful may be an advantage to a plant because it provides food for the plant's seed dispersers. Without a fruit crop, the seed dispersing animals may starve or migrate. In some plants, pollination or another stimulation is required for parthenocarpy, termed stimulative parthenocarpy.
A seedless fruit is a fruit developed to possess no mature seeds. Since eating seedless fruits is generally easier and more convenient, they are considered commercially valuable. Since eating seedless fruits is generally easier and more convenient, they are considered commercially valuable.
Other staple food crops, like bananas and plantains, are propagated from cuttings, and produce fruit without pollination (parthenocarpy). Further, foods such as root vegetables and leafy vegetables will produce a useful food crop without pollination, though pollination may be required for the purpose of seed production or breeding.
Many seed plants, including citrus fruits, are self-compatible, meaning that they are able to fertilize themselves. Self-compatibility produces a seedy fruit which may be deemed as undesirable to the citrus industry. Seedless fruits have been made popular as they are sought-after in the citrus industry.
In contrast to parthenocarpy, which involves seedless fruit formation without fertilization, apomictic fruits have viable seeds containing a proper embryo, with asexual origin. In flowering plants, the term "apomixis" is used in a restricted sense to mean agamospermy, i.e. clonal reproduction through seeds.
Pollination of fruit trees is required to produce seeds with surrounding fruit. It is the process of moving pollen from the anther to the stigma , either in the same flower or in another flower. Some tree species, including many fruit trees, do not produce fruit from self-pollination , so pollinizer trees are planted in orchards.
A multiple fruit is formed from a cluster of flowers, (a 'multiple' of flowers) – also called an inflorescence. Each ('smallish') flower produces a single fruitlet, which, as all develop, all merge into one mass of fruit. [28] Examples include pineapple, fig, mulberry, Osage orange, and breadfruit. An inflorescence (a cluster) of white ...
Parthenogenesis (/ ˌ p ɑːr θ ɪ n oʊ ˈ dʒ ɛ n ɪ s ɪ s,-θ ɪ n ə-/; [1] [2] from the Greek παρθένος, parthénos, 'virgin' + γένεσις, génesis, 'creation' [3]) is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which the embryo develops directly from an egg without need for fertilization.