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2. Elementary arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_arithmetic

   Example of addition with carry. The black numbers are the addends, the green number is the carry, and the blue number is the sum. In the rightmost digit, the addition of 9 and 7 is 16, carrying 1 into the next pair of the digit to the left, making its addition 1 + 5 + 2 = 8. Therefore, 59 + 27 = 86.

3. Contrast (statistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrast_(statistics)

   A contrast is defined as the sum of each group mean multiplied by a coefficient for each group (i.e., a signed number, c j). [10] In equation form, = ¯ + ¯ + + ¯ ¯, where L is the weighted sum of group means, the c j coefficients represent the assigned weights of the means (these must sum to 0 for orthogonal contrasts), and ¯ j represents the group means. [8]

4. Arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic

   Common tools in early arithmetic education are number lines, addition and multiplication tables, counting blocks, and abacuses. [186] Later stages focus on a more abstract understanding and introduce the students to different types of numbers, such as negative numbers, fractions, real numbers, and complex numbers.

5. Difference of two squares - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_of_two_squares

   In mathematics, the difference of two squares is a squared (multiplied by itself) number subtracted from another squared number. Every difference of squares may be factored according to the identity a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b ) ( a − b ) {\displaystyle a^{2}-b^{2}=(a+b)(a-b)}

6. Operation (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_(mathematics)

   For instance, one often speaks of "the operation of addition" or "the addition operation," when focusing on the operands and result, but one switch to "addition operator" (rarely "operator of addition"), when focusing on the process, or from the more symbolic viewpoint, the function +: X × X → X (where X is a set such as the set of real ...

7. Inequality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inequality_(mathematics)

   For instance, to solve the inequality 4x < 2x + 1 ≤ 3x + 2, it is not possible to isolate x in any one part of the inequality through addition or subtraction. Instead, the inequalities must be solved independently, yielding x < ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ and x ≥ −1 respectively, which can be combined into the final solution −1 ≤ x < ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ .