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Freud, himself, referred to these slips as Fehlleistungen [1] (meaning "faulty functions", [1] "faulty actions" or "misperformances" in German); the Greek term parapraxes (plural of parapraxis; from Greek παρά (para) 'another' and πρᾶξις (praxis) 'action') was the creation of his English translator, as is the form "symptomatic action".
Psychopathology of Everyday Life (German: Zur Psychopathologie des Alltagslebens) is a 1901 work by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis. Based on Freud's researches into slips and parapraxes from 1897 onwards, [1] it became perhaps the best-known of all Freud's writings. [2]
An explanation for the occurrence of speech errors comes from psychoanalysis, in the so-called Freudian slip. Sigmund Freud assumed that speech errors are the result of an intrapsychic conflict of concurrent intentions. [1] "Virtually all speech errors [are] caused by the intrusion of repressed ideas from the unconscious into one's conscious ...
Freud interpreted these slips of the tongue as the result of unconscious desires or impulses. [3] During psychoanalytic therapy sessions Freud would dissect and question participants if they made a mental lapse or a slip of the tongue, as he believed this would allow him an understanding of the unconscious motives of his patient.
Freud was to become interested in such mistakes from 1897 onwards, developing an interpretation of slips in terms of their unconscious meaning. [3] Subsequently, followers of his like Ernest Jones developed the theme of lapsus in connection with writing, typing, and misprints.
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Freud desired to understand religion and spirituality and deals with the nature of religious beliefs in many of his books and essays. He regarded God as an illusion, based on the infantile need for a powerful father figure. Freud believed that religion was an expression of underlying psychological neuroses and distress.
Freud links Trafoi to the theme death and sexuality, a theme preceding the word-finding problem in a conversation Freud had during a trip by train through Bosnia-Herzegovina. The second important ingredient in Freud's analysis is the extraction of an Italian word signor from the forgotten name Signorelli.