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Trendelenburg gait, first described by Friedrich Trendelenburg in 1895, [1] is an abnormal human gait caused by an inability to maintain the pelvis level while standing on one leg. It is caused by weakness or ineffective action of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles.
Ataxia (from Greek α- [a negative prefix] + -τάξις [order] = "lack of order") is a neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements that can include gait abnormality, speech changes, and abnormalities in eye movements, that indicates dysfunction of parts of the nervous system that coordinate movement, such as the cerebellum.
Gait abnormality is a deviation from normal walking ().Watching a patient walk is an important part of the neurological examination. Normal gait requires that many systems, including strength, sensation and coordination, function in an integrated fashion.
This condition was discovered in 1991 by Hahn et al., when they described two Chinese-Canadian siblings of the opposite sex. The male had difficulties releasing his grip, childhood-onset neuromyotonia and muscle stiffness, progressive motor neuropathy, finger cramping while and after writing, involuntary twitches of the finger, thigh and forearm muscles, foot drop-associated gait problems ...
It is thought to be caused by the inability to switch on and switch off antagonising muscle groups in a coordinated fashion due to hypotonia, secondary to the central lesion. [7] Dysdiadochokinesia is also seen in Friedreich's ataxia and multiple sclerosis, as a cerebellar symptom (including ataxia, intention tremor and dysarthria). It is also ...
Hypokinesia is characterized by a partial or complete loss of muscle movement due to a disruption in the basal ganglia. [citation needed] Hypokinesia is a symptom of Parkinson's disease shown as muscle rigidity and an inability to produce movement. It is also associated with mental health disorders and prolonged inactivity due to illness ...
Myotonia is a symptom of a small handful of certain neuromuscular disorders characterized by delayed relaxation (prolonged contraction) of the skeletal muscles after voluntary contraction or electrical stimulation, and the muscle shows an abnormal EMG. [1] [2]
Astasis is the inability to stand or sit up without assistance in the absence of motor weakness or sensory loss (although the inclusion of 'the lack of motor weakness' has been debated by some physicians). It is categorized more as a symptom than an actual disease, as it describes a disruption of muscle coordination resulting in this deficit.