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Quaternary structure of the CD123 protein. The interleukin-3 receptor is a molecule found on cells which helps transmit the signal of interleukin-3, a soluble cytokine important in the immune system. The gene coding for the receptor is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the X and Y chromosomes.
The protein encoded by this gene is an interleukin 3 specific subunit of a heterodimeric cytokine receptor. The receptor is composed of a ligand specific alpha subunit and a signal transducing beta subunit shared by the receptors for interleukin 3 (IL3), colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF), and interleukin 5 (IL5).
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2, HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) or HER2/neu. Overexpression plays a role in certain types of breast cancer. It is a biomarker target for breast cancer drugs such as Herceptin. CD344: FZD4 (Frizzled-4) a receptor in WNT-signalling pathway and for Norrin.
Cancers that possess the B7-H3 immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor on the tumor cell have been one such target in clinical trials. This B7-H3 protein is expressed on cancer cell for several types of cancer. Often, the drug will contain two domains, one binding the T-cell's CD3 and the other targeting and binding cancer cells.
The CD nomenclature was proposed and established in the 1st International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA), held in Paris in 1982. [4] [5] This system was intended for the classification of the many monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generated by different laboratories around the world against epitopes on the surface molecules of leukocytes (white blood cells).
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain also known as T-cell receptor T3 zeta chain or CD247 (Cluster of Differentiation 247) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD247 gene. [5] Some older literature mention a similar protein called "CD3 eta" in mice. It is now understood to be an isoform differing in the last exon. [6]
Additionally this domain can be incorporated into chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) designs for T cell therapies that allows for the specific recognition and binding of target antigens, such as CD123, which is a potential therapeutic target for hematologic malignancies like acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
CD33 or Siglec-3 (sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 3, SIGLEC3, SIGLEC-3, gp67, p67) is a transmembrane receptor expressed on cells of myeloid lineage. [5] It is usually considered myeloid-specific, but it can also be found on some lymphoid cells. [6] It binds sialic acids, therefore is a member of the SIGLEC family of lectins.