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  2. Fermentation starter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_starter

    Food groups where they are used include breads, especially sourdough bread, and cheese. A starter culture is a microbiological culture which actually performs fermentation. These starters usually consist of a cultivation medium, such as grains, seeds, or nutrient liquids that have been well colonized by the microorganisms used for the fermentation.

  3. Kilju - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilju

    A picture of a DIY fermentation vessel with integrated fermentation lock. Kilju (Finnish pronunciation:) is the Finnish word for a mead-like homemade alcoholic beverage made from a source of carbohydrates (such as cane sugar or honey), yeast, and water, making it both affordable and cheap to produce.

  4. Sourdough - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sourdough

    In the Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, Michael Gaenzle writes: "One of the oldest sourdough breads dates from 3700 BCE and was excavated in Switzerland, but the origin of sourdough fermentation likely relates to the origin of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent and Egypt several thousand years earlier", [3] and "Bread production relied on the use of sourdough as a leavening agent for most ...

  5. Baker percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker_percentage

    The baker has determined how much a recipe's ingredients weigh, and uses uniform decimal weight units. All ingredient weights are divided by the flour weight to obtain a ratio, then the ratio is multiplied by 100% to yield the baker's percentage for that ingredient: Using a balance to measure a mass of flour.

  6. Ethanol fermentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fermentation

    In wine making this is known as the counter-Pasteur effect. These yeasts will produce ethanol even under aerobic conditions, if they are provided with the right kind of nutrition. During batch fermentation, the rate of ethanol production per milligram of cell protein is maximal for a brief period early in this process and declines progressively ...

  7. Yeast assimilable nitrogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeast_assimilable_nitrogen

    Yeast need a reliable source of nitrogen in forms that they can assimilate in order to successfully complete fermentation. Yeast assimilable nitrogen or YAN is the combination of free amino nitrogen (FAN), ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium (NH 4 +) that is available for a yeast, e.g. the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to use during fermentation.

  8. Rectified spirit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectified_spirit

    Neutral spirit is legally defined as spirit distilled from any material distilled at or above 95% ABV (190 US proof) and bottled at or above 40% ABV. [5] When the term is used in an informal context rather than as a term of U.S. law, any distilled spirit of high alcohol purity (e.g., 170 proof or higher) that does not contain added flavoring may be referred to as neutral alcohol. [13]

  9. Basi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basi

    unás or sugarcane stalks. Basí is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage with 10-16% alcoholic by volume produced by the Ilocano people in Northern Luzon, Philippines. . It is made from unás (), specifically bennál (sugarcane juice), combined with natural additives and a fermentation starter called gamú, a plant ingredients that make for fermenting as well as coloring agents in basi ...