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Spironolactone is commonly used in the treatment of hirsutism in women, and is considered to be a first-line antiandrogen for this indication. [68] Spironolactone can be used in the treatment of female-pattern hair loss (pattern scalp hair loss in women). [69] There is tentative low quality evidence supporting its use for this indication. [70]
However, spironolactone is metabolized to three active metabolites, which give it prolonged activity (13.8 – 16. 5 hours). Spironolactone has a long half-life and is excreted 47-51% through kidneys. Patients with chronic kidney disease therefore require close monitoring when taking the drug. Spironolactone is also eliminated through feces (35-41%
Spironolactone has been identified as an inhibitor of NRG1‐ERBB4 signaling. [142] Spironolactone has been found to act as a potent inhibitor of the pannexin 1 channel, and this action appears to be involved in its antihypertensive effects independently of MR antagonism. [143] Spironolactone has been found to block hERG channels. [144]
In some cases, other medications like spironolactone may be prescribed off-label for hair loss. This is typically only used in women and not in men, because in men it can lead to gynecomastia ...
Indications [1] [2] [4] Major toxicities [1] [2] [4] [5] 1. Cytotoxic antineoplastics: 1.01 Nucleoside analogues: Azacitidine: SC, IV: DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and incorporates itself into RNA, hence inhibiting gene expression. [6] Myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia
[191] [62] However, spironolactone was introduced in 1959., [192] [193] although its antiandrogen effects were not recognized or taken advantage of until later and were originally an unintended off-target action of the drug. [194] In addition to spironolactone, chlormadinone acetate and megestrol acetate are steroidal antiandrogens that are ...
Medications like antidepressants are highly effective for treating depression, as they work to balance serotonin and other brain chemicals. However, there’s no one-size-fits-all approach.
Potassium-sparing diuretics or antikaliuretics [1] refer to drugs that cause diuresis without causing potassium loss in the urine. [2] They are typically used as an adjunct in management of hypertension, cirrhosis, and congestive heart failure. [3] The steroidal aldosterone antagonists can also be used for treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism.