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In the second year of his leadership, Gorbachev began speaking of glasnost, or "openness". [80] According to Doder and Branson, this meant "greater openness and candour in government affairs and for an interplay of different and sometimes conflicting views in political debates, in the press, and in Soviet culture". [81]
Perestroika (/ ˌ p ɛr ə ˈ s t r ɔɪ k ə / PERR-ə-STROY-kə; Russian: перестройка, IPA: [pʲɪrʲɪˈstrojkə] ⓘ) [1] was a political reform movement within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s, widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "transparency") policy reform.
New political thinking (or simply new thinking) [a] was the doctrine put forth by Mikhail Gorbachev as part of his reforms of the Soviet Union.Its major elements were de-ideologization of international politics, abandoning the concept of class struggle, priority of universal human interests over the interests of any class, increasing interdependence of the world, and mutual security based on ...
By mid-November 1990, much of the press was calling for Gorbachev to resign and predicting civil war. [210] In November, he announced an eight-point program with governmental reforms, among them the abolition of the presidential council. [211] By this point, Gorbachev was isolated from many of his former close allies and aides. [212]
Glasnost (/ ˈ ɡ l æ z n ɒ s t / GLAZ-nost; Russian: гласность, IPA: [ˈɡlasnəsʲtʲ] ⓘ) is a concept relating to openness and transparency.It has several general and specific meanings, including a policy of maximum openness in the activities of state institutions and freedom of information and the inadmissibility of hushing up problems.
Uskorenie (Russian: ускорение, IPA: [ʊskɐˈrʲenʲɪɪ̯ə]; literally meaning acceleration) was a slogan and a policy announced by Communist Party General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev on 20 April 1985 at a Soviet Party Plenum, aimed at the acceleration of political, social and economic development of the Soviet Union.
Mr Gorbachev’s death at the age of 91 has inspired an outpouring of tributes from world leaders. Many made reference to the timing of his death during the worst period of relations between ...
Of the 274 remaining seats, 76 went to a second round on 2 and 9 April while voting in 198 had to be repeated due voter turnout being below 50%, with repeat voting on 20 April, 14 May and 23 May. [6] Around 162 million people voted in the contests for the 750 reserved seats, a turnout of 84%. [6] Repeat elections were required for five reserved ...