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The common name of these fish is related to their bizarre, tubular eyes. The genus name Gigantura refers to the Gigantes , a race of giants in Greek mythology —coupled with the suffix oura , meaning 'tail', thus Gigantura refers to the greatly elongated, ribbon-like lower half of the tailfin that may comprise over half of the total body length.
In fish a countercurrent flow (lower diagram) of blood and water in the gills is used to extract oxygen from the environment. [6] [7] [8] All basal vertebrates breathe with gills. The gills are carried right behind the head, bordering the posterior margins of a series of openings from the esophagus to the exterior.
Foureye butterflyfish usually frequent shallow inshore waters, where they feed on a variety of invertebrates, mainly zoantharians, sea anemones, scleractinians, [6] polychaete worms, gorgonians, tunicates, crustaceans and fish eggs. [7] This fish is known for its uncanny ability to swim in and around coral heads and reefs.
[5] [6] Corallivorous fish come from 11 different families. [5] 39 species are obligate corallivores. [5] Butterflyfish have a wide range of adaptations that facilitate coral consumption. Some butterflyfish have long mouth that they use like forceps to pluck off individual coral polyps and some use their teeth to scrape off coral tissue. [2]
Psychrolutes marcidus, the smooth-head blobfish, [1] also known simply as blobfish, [1] is a deep-sea fish of the family Psychrolutidae. It inhabits the deep waters off the coasts of mainland Australia and Tasmania, as well as the waters of New Zealand. [2] Blobfish are typically shorter than 30 cm (12 in).
Helicolenus dactylopterus, blackbelly rosefish, bluemouth rockfish, and bluemouth seaperch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae which is classified within the family Scorpaenidae. This Atlantic species is a typical sit-and-wait predator with a highly cryptic coloration. [3]
Group of the related Chaetodon fasciatus in the Red Sea. Chaetodon lunula can reach a length of 20 cm (nearly 8 in). [2] These large butterflyfishes have an oval outline, with a pattern of ascending oblique reddish stripes on the flanks and black and white bands over the face and eyes, similar to the "raccoon" mask (hence the common name).
These fish are best kept with live or frozen feed and they easily outgrow the tank within eight to ten months. An aquarium with the minimum diameter of 6 by 3.5 feet (1.8 by 1.1 m) and 300 US gallons (1,100 L; 250 imp gal) is suggested as a bare minimum but 400–800 US gallons (1,500–3,000 L; 330–670 imp gal) is the best way to go. [ 9 ]