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In conversation analysis, turn-taking organization describes the sets of practices speakers use to construct and allocate turns. [1] The organization of turn-taking was first explored as a part of conversation analysis by Harvey Sacks with Emanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson in the late 1960s/early 1970s, and their model is still generally accepted in the field.
A turn construction unit (TCU) is the fundamental segment of speech in a conversation, as analysed in conversation analysis. The idea was introduced in "A Simplest Systematics for the Organization of Turn-Taking for Conversation" by Harvey Sacks, Emanuel Schegloff, and Gail Jefferson in 1974. [1]
The analysis of turn-taking started with the description in a model in the paper known as the Simplest Systematics, [7] which was very programmatic for the field of Conversation analysis and one of the most cited papers published in the journal Language. [13]
In linguistics, an adjacency pair is an example of conversational turn-taking.An adjacency pair is composed of two utterances by two speakers, one after the other. The speaking of the first utterance (the first-pair part, or the first turn) provokes a responding utterance (the second-pair part, or the second turn). [1]
Along with Sacks and Schegloff, Jefferson is also known for her studies of turn-taking in conversation. [4] While working with Sacks, Jefferson’s contribution to the study of Conversation Analysis was particularly significant at the time, as Conversation Analysis was not only a new field in sociology but also indicated the beginning of the ...
Founder of conversation analysis Harvey Sacks (July 19, 1935 – November 14, 1975) was an American sociologist influenced by the ethnomethodology tradition. He pioneered extremely detailed studies of the way people use language in everyday life.
An interruption is a speech action when one person breaks in to interject while another person is talking.Linguists, social psychologists, anthropologists, and sociologists are among the social scientists who have studied and identified patterns of interruption that may differ by gender, social status, race/ethnicity, culture, and political orientation.
Conversation analysis often treats the stance of one turn as making another display of a stance relevant, and reacting appropriately to a display of stance (such as matching the emotion) is said to achieve affiliation between the interactants. [7]