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The Romanian alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet used for writing the Romanian language. It consists of 31 letters, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] five of which (Ă, Â, Î, Ș, and Ț) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language.
The Romanian Cyrillic alphabet is the Cyrillic alphabet that was used to write the Romanian language & Church Slavonic until the 1860s, when it was officially replaced by a Latin-based Romanian alphabet. [citation needed] Cyrillic remained in occasional use until the 1920s, mostly in Russian-ruled Bessarabia. [1]
Instead, the most common pattern among native speakers is for individual authors to use an orthography based on the writing system of the dominant contact language: thus Romanian in Romania, Hungarian in Hungary and so on. A currently observable trend, however, appears to be the adoption of a loosely English-oriented orthography, developed ...
The Romanian alphabet is based on the Latin script with five additional letters Ă, Â, Î, Ș, Ț. Formerly, there were as many as 12 additional letters, but some of them were abolished in subsequent reforms. Also, until the early 20th century, a breve marker was used, which survives only in ă. Today the Romanian alphabet is largely phonemic.
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Î is the 12th letter of the Romanian alphabet and denotes /ɨ/. This sound is also represented in Romanian as letter â. The difference is that â is used in the middle of a word, as in România, but î is used at the beginning or the end of a word: înțelegere (understanding), a urî (to hate).
Romanian letters à and  on the keyboard of an Apple MacBook Pro Romanian SR 13392:2004 ("primary") keyboard layout The original MS Windows' Romanian keyboard. It actually had the cedilla characters and lacked the Euro sign, and in some versions, the dead keys were not implemented, as upon they were typed, they were actually simple diacritic characters.
 is the 3rd letter of the Romanian alphabet and represents /ɨ/, which is also represented in Romanian as letter î. The difference between the two is that â is used in the middle of the word, as in "România", while î is used at the beginning and at the ends: "înțelegere" (understanding), "a urî" (to hate).