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The first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter was the Galileo orbiter, which went into orbit around Jupiter on December 7, 1995. It orbited the planet for over seven years, making 35 orbits before it was destroyed during a controlled impact with Jupiter on September 21, 2003. [ 44 ]
It was referred to as "Jupiter I", or "The first satellite of Jupiter" until the mid-20th century. [14] With over 400 active volcanos, Io is the most geologically active object in the Solar System. [25] Its surface is dotted with more than 100 mountains, some of which are taller than Earth's Mount Everest. [26]
A montage of Jupiter and its four largest moons (distance and sizes not to scale) There are 95 moons of Jupiter with confirmed orbits as of 5 February 2024. [1] [note 1] This number does not include a number of meter-sized moonlets thought to be shed from the inner moons, nor hundreds of possible kilometer-sized outer irregular moons that were only briefly captured by telescopes. [4]
Galileo arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, after gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth, and became the first spacecraft to orbit an outer planet. [ 4 ] The Jet Propulsion Laboratory built the Galileo spacecraft and managed the Galileo program for NASA .
Rømer and Cassini refer to it as the "first satellite of Jupiter". It orbits Jupiter once every 42½ hours, and the plane of its orbit is very close to the plane of Jupiter's orbit around the sun. This means that it passes some of each orbit in the shadow of Jupiter – an eclipse. Viewed from the Earth, an eclipse of Io is seen in one of two ...
The spacecraft's "first," and by far longest, orbit around Jupiter followed the JOI and lasted nearly seven months. On 27 June 1996, this initial orbit culminated in a close encounter with Ganymede, the largest of the four Galilean satellites. After the first Jupiter orbit of seven months, subsequent orbits were much shorter, ranging from one ...
Mission to study Jupiter's three icy moons Callisto, Europa and Ganymede, eventually orbiting Ganymede as the first spacecraft to orbit a satellite of another planet. European Union: Euclid: Earth-Sun L 2 point: Operational: It is ESA's project for a space telescope to study dark matter.
The first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter was the Galileo mission, which reached the planet on December 7, 1995. [66] ... Jupiter has 95 known natural satellites, ...