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For countries that have their origins in self-governing colonies but later became independent nations in the 20th century, the Colony of New Zealand was the first to acknowledge women's right to vote in 1893, largely due to a movement led by Kate Sheppard. The British protectorate of Cook Islands rendered the same right in 1893 as well. [38]
It was the first women's rights convention to be chaired by a woman, a step that was considered to be radical at the time. [57] That meeting was followed by the Ohio Women's Convention at Salem in 1850, the first women's rights convention to be organized on a statewide basis, which also endorsed women's suffrage. [58]
1887: In Kansas, women win the right to vote in municipal elections. [3] 1887: Rhode Island becomes the first eastern state to vote on a women's suffrage referendum, but it does not pass. [3] 1888–1889: Wyoming had already granted women voting and suffrage since 1869–70; now they insist that they maintain suffrage if Wyoming joins the Union.
The campaign to establish women's right to vote in the states was conducted simultaneously with the campaign for an amendment to the United States Constitution that would establish that right fully in all states. The campaign succeeded with the ratification of Nineteenth Amendment in 1920.
Reproductive rights are understood as rights of both men and women, but are most frequently advanced as women's rights. [207] In the 1960s, reproductive rights activists promoted women's right to bodily autonomy, with these social movements leading to the gain of legal access to contraception and abortion during the next decades in many countries.
The amendment was the culmination of a decades-long movement for women's suffrage in the United States, at both the state and national levels, and was part of the worldwide movement towards women's suffrage and part of the wider women's rights movement. The first women's suffrage amendment was introduced in Congress in 1878.
Finland was also the first country in Europe to give women the right to vote. [6] [7] The world's first female members of parliament were elected in Finland the following year. In Europe, the last jurisdiction to grant women the right to vote was the Swiss canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden (AI), in 1991.
Cartoons about the women's rights movement began to appear early on after the first Women's Rights Conventions were held. [63] Cartoons that depicted men and women in roles that are stereotypically held by the opposite gender were also a popular form of criticism of the movement. [64] These types of cartoons remained popular during the 19th ...