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Official SI literature indicates newton-metre, is properly denoted N⋅m, as the unit for torque; although this is dimensionally equivalent to the joule, which is the unit of energy, the latter can never used for torque. [14] [15] In the case of torque, the unit is assigned to a vector, whereas for energy, it is assigned to a scalar. This means ...
The newton-metre or newton-meter (also non-hyphenated, newton metre or newton meter; symbol N⋅m [1] or N m [1]) [a] is the unit of torque (also called moment) in the International System of Units (SI). One newton-metre is equal to the torque resulting from a force of one newton applied perpendicularly to the end of a moment arm that is one ...
Both energy and torque can be expressed as a product of a force vector with a displacement vector (hence pounds and feet); energy is the scalar product of the two, and torque is the vector product. Although calling the torque unit "pound-foot" has been academically suggested, both are still commonly called "foot-pound" in colloquial usage.
The dimension of power is energy divided by time. In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of power is the watt (W), which is equal to one joule per second. Other common and traditional measures are horsepower (hp), comparing to the power of a horse; one mechanical horsepower equals about 745.7 watts.
The moment of force, or torque, is a first moment: =, or, more generally, .; Similarly, angular momentum is the 1st moment of momentum: =.Momentum itself is not a moment.; The electric dipole moment is also a 1st moment: = for two opposite point charges or () for a distributed charge with charge density ().
By contrast, torque is a vector – the cross product of a force vector and a distance vector. Torque and energy are related to one another by the equation [citation needed] =, where E is energy, τ is (the vector magnitude of) torque, and θ is the angle swept (in radians). Since plane angles are dimensionless, it follows that torque and ...
is the motor torque constant (SI unit, newton–metre per ampere, N·m/A), see below If two motors with the same K v {\displaystyle K_{\text{v}}} and torque work in tandem, with rigidly connected shafts, the K v {\displaystyle K_{\text{v}}} of the system is still the same assuming a parallel electrical connection.
The simplest kind of couple consists of two equal and opposite forces whose lines of action do not coincide. This is called a "simple couple". [1] The forces have a turning effect or moment called a torque about an axis which is normal (perpendicular) to the plane of the forces. The SI unit for the torque of the couple is newton metre.