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  2. Stretching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretching

    It may reduce the lactic acid build up in the muscles, making the next workout more bearable. [22] Stretching does not appear to reduce the risk of injury during exercises, except perhaps a dynamic warm-up for runners. While running places extreme stress loads on the joints, static stretching can help to improve joint flexibility.

  3. Exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness is not caused by lactic acid build-up. Muscular lactic acid levels return to normal levels within an hour after exercise; delayed onset muscle soreness is thought to be due to microtrauma from unaccustomed or strenuous exercise. [282] Stretching before or after exercise does not reduce delayed ...

  4. Osmoregulation in rock doves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmoregulation_in_rock_doves

    The daily diet of the pigeon places many physiological challenges that it must overcome through osmoregulation. Protein intake, for example, causes an excess of toxins of amine groups when it is broken down for energy. [1] To regulate this excess and secrete these unwanted toxins, C. livia must remove the amine groups as uric acid.

  5. Pigeon racing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigeon_racing

    Pigeon racing is the sport of releasing specially trained homing pigeons, which then return to their homes over a carefully measured distance.The time it takes the animal to cover the specified distance is measured and the bird's rate of travel is calculated and compared with all of the other pigeons in the race to determine which animal returned at the highest speed.

  6. Animals in sport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animals_in_sport

    Greyhound racing, a popular form of animal racing, dates back to the 1800s in the United States, after the dogs were brought over from Europe to help control the hare population. While track racing is the most common, there are other forms of racing. Pigeon racing, for example, sees homing pigeons finding their way home from a set distance away.

  7. Cooling down - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_down

    Static stretching. Static stretching is the appropriate form of stretching to aid in the cooling down procedure. It aids in decreasing the body's temperature, removing lactic acid from the muscles and increasing flexibility. [5] Each stretch should be held for a minimum of 10–20 seconds and stretched to the point of mild discomfort but not ...

  8. Lactate threshold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_threshold

    The lactate threshold is a useful measure for deciding exercise intensity for training and racing in endurance sports (e.g., long distance running, cycling, rowing, long distance swimming and cross country skiing), but varies between individuals and can be increased with training.

  9. Anaerobic exercise - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic_exercise

    The consequence of such rapid glucose breakdown is the formation of lactic acid (or more appropriately, its conjugate base lactate at biological pH levels). Physical activities that last up to about thirty seconds rely primarily on the former ATP-CP phosphagen system. Beyond this time, both aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis-based metabolic ...