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Mapping of several bone diseases onto levels of vitamin D (calcidiol) in the blood [6] Normal bone vs. osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body.
If there are other, reversible causes of low vitamin B 12 levels, the cause must be treated. [104] Vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia is usually easily treated by providing the necessary level of vitamin B 12 supplementation. [105] The injections are quick-acting, and symptoms usually go away within one to two weeks. [105]
Low plasma tryptophan is a non-specific indicator, meaning it can have other causes. The signs and symptoms of niacin deficiency start to revert within days of oral supplementation with large amounts of the vitamin. [23] [24] Chronic alcoholism is a contributing risk factor. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B 5) deficiency: Irritability, fatigue, and ...
Neuropsychiatric symptoms can precede hematological signs and are often the presenting manifestation of the disease. [55] Vitamin B 12 serum levels are used to detect its deficiency, but do not distinguish its causes. Vitamin B 12 levels can be falsely high or low and data for sensitivity and specificity vary widely.
Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be determined, but not always. [15] This means it measures forms of vitamin B 12 that are "active" and can be used by the body, as well as the "inactive" forms, which cannot. [152] Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be found within normal levels, so clinical symptoms should be taken into account when a diagnosis is made. [2]
Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in the mouth. [1] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [1] Over time affected skin may become darker, stiffen, peel, or bleed. [1] [3]
Signs of folate deficiency anemia most of the time are subtle. [4] Anemia (macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia) can be a sign of advanced folate deficiency in adults. [1] Folate deficiency anemia may result in feeling tired, weakness, changes to the color of the skin or hair, open sores on the mouth, shortness of breath, palpitations, lightheadedness, cold hands and feet, headaches, easy bleeding ...
Aplastic anemia causes a deficiency of all blood cell types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. [5] [6] It occurs most frequently in people in their teens and twenties but is also common among the elderly. It can be caused by immune disease, or by exposure to chemicals, drugs, or radiation. However, in about half of cases, the ...