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Cerro Rico, Potosi, Bolivia, still a major silver mine Amethyst mine in Ametista do Sul. South America is a major producer of gems such as amethyst, topaz, emerald, aquamarine and tourmaline. Chuquicamata is the largest open pit mine in the world, near the city of Calama in Chile.
In 2019, Rio Grande do Sul produced a total of 4.5 billion liters of milk, making it the third largest producer in the country, with 13.0% of the country's total. [76] In sheep farming, in 2017 the South Region was the 2nd largest in the country, with 4.2 million heads. Rio Grande do Sul has 94% of the country's wool production. [77]
In Portuguese, América [156] is a single continent composed of América do Sul (South America), América Central (Central America) and América do Norte (North America). [157] It can be ambiguous, as América can be used to refer to the United States of America, but is avoided in print and formal environments. [158] [159]
Below is a list of countries and dependencies in South America by area. [1] Brazil is the largest country in South America while Suriname is the smallest. Panama is not regarded as a transcontinental country but the country is sometimes included in South America due to being part of Colombia prior to its secession in 1903.
The Southern Cone (Spanish: Cono Sur, Portuguese: Cone Sul) is a geographical and cultural subregion composed of the southernmost areas of South America, mostly south of the Tropic of Capricorn. Traditionally, it covers Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay, bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean.
Map of affected areas due Rio Grande do Sul 2024 floods Greater Porto Alegre during the flood Guaíba Bridge on 5 May 2024 between Eldorado do Sul and Porto Alegre. Across all regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, at least 169 people were killed, 806 others were injured, and 56 were left missing in the floods.
The city is the birthplace of paleontology in Rio Grande do Sul and Brazil. The Paleontological Sites of Santa Maria are internationally known. In 1902, a Rhynchosaur was collected in Santa Maria, one of the first fossil collections made in South America since Darwin's voyage on the Beagle between 1831 and 1836.
Although Rio Grande do Sul is one of the most heavily indebted Brazilian states, [52] with about 30% of its assets (2005) in the form of active debt, practically all of it under judicial collection, [53] and being forced to recently borrow US$1.1 billion from the World Bank for public debt restructuring, [54] its general situation at present is ...