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That is, the polymer is unstable in a water based environment. This is the prevailing mechanism for the polymers degradation. This occurs in two stages. 1. Water penetrates the bulk of the device, attacking the chemical bonds in the amorphous phase and converting long polymer chains into shorter water-soluble fragments.
The plastic kits and covers are mostly made of synthetic polymers like polythene, and tires are manufactured from polybutadienes. [1] However, due to the environmental issues created by these synthetic polymers which are mostly non-biodegradable and often synthesized from petroleum, alternatives like bioplastics are also being considered. They ...
Synthetic biopolymers are human-made copies of biopolymers obtained by abiotic chemical routes. [1] Synthetic biopolymer of different chemical nature have been obtained, including polysaccharides , [ 2 ] glycoproteins , [ 3 ] peptides and proteins , [ 4 ] [ 5 ] polyhydroxoalkanoates , [ 6 ] polyisoprenes .
A biomaterial is a substance that has been engineered to interact with biological systems for a medical purpose – either a therapeutic (treat, augment, repair, or replace a tissue function of the body) or a diagnostic one. The corresponding field of study, called biomaterials science or biomaterials engineering, is about fifty years old.
Compared to synthetic polymers, which can present various disadvantages like immunogenic rejection and toxicity after degradation, many biopolymers are normally better with bodily integration as they also possess more complex structures, similar to the human body. [citation needed]
The concept of synthetic biodegradable plastics and polymers was first introduced in the 1980s. [6] In 1992, an international meeting was called where leaders in biodegradable polymers met to discuss a definition, standard, and testing protocol for biodegradable polymers. [2]
Glycopolymer is a synthetic polymer with pendant carbohydrates. [1] Glycopolymers play an important role in many biological recognition events such as cell–cell adhesion, the development of new tissues and the infectious behavior of virus and bacteria. They have high potential in targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering and synthesis of bio ...
Polymers, strictly speaking, comprise most solid matter: minerals (i.e. most of the Earth's crust) are largely polymers, metals are 3-d polymers, organisms, living and dead, are composed largely of polymers and water. Often polymers are classified according to their origin: biopolymers; synthetic polymers; inorganic polymers