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A double-byte character set (DBCS) is a character encoding in which either all characters (including control characters) are encoded in two bytes, or merely every graphic character not representable by an accompanying single-byte character set is encoded in two bytes (Han characters would generally comprise most of these two-byte characters).
JIS X 0208 prescribes a set of 6879 graphical characters that correspond to two-byte codes with either seven or eight bits to the byte; in JIS X 0208, this is called the kanji set (漢字集合, kanji shūgō), which includes 6355 kanji as well as 524 non-kanji (非漢字, hikanji), including characters such as Latin letters, kana, and so forth.
SBCS (single-byte character set) DBCS (double-byte character set) TBCS (triple-byte character set) ITU T.61; DEC Radix-50; Cork encoding; Prosigns for Morse code; Telegraph code; TV Typewriter; SI 960 (7-bit Hebrew ISO/IEC 646) Figure space (typographic unit equal to the size of a single typographic figure) Six-bit character code; List of ...
Characters which appear in both JIS X 0201 (single byte) and JIS X 0208 / JIS X 0213 (double byte) have both a halfwidth and a fullwidth form in Shift JIS. In the days of text mode computing, Western characters were normally laid out in a grid on the screen, often 80 columns by 24 or 25 lines.
The lead bytes for the double-byte characters are "shifted" around the 64 halfwidth katakana characters in the single-byte range 0xA1 to 0xDF. The single-byte characters 0x 00 to 0x7F match the ASCII encoding, except for a yen sign (U+00A5) at 0x5C and an overline (U+203E) at 0x7E in place of the ASCII character set's backslash and tilde ...
It is the combination of the single-byte Code page 897 and the double-byte Code page 301. [2] Code page 301 is designed to encode the same repertoire as IBM Japanese DBCS-Host . [ 3 ]
There are three double-byte character codes used for Japanese with EBCDIC: [31] [32] [3] IBM code page 300 (also called IBM Kanji or IBM Japanese DBCS-Host) from IBM, [33] KEIS from Hitachi, [31] and JEF from Fujitsu. [17] These are DBCS-Host encodings, using different shift codes to switch between single-byte EBCDIC and double-byte modes. [1]
However, the number of characters in Japanese is many more than 256 and thus cannot be encoded using a single byte - Japanese is thus encoded using two or more bytes, in a so-called "double byte" or "multi-byte" encoding. Problems that arise relate to transliteration and romanization, character encoding, and input of Japanese text.