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Increased urination is a commonly reported side effect, particularly during the initial phase following treatment initiation; this is mostly transient and tends to reduce with sustained treatment. Common side effects for antimineralocorticoid medications include nausea and vomiting, stomach cramps and diarrhoea. [4]
Adrenal insufficiency is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones.The adrenal glands—also referred to as the adrenal cortex—normally secrete glucocorticoids (primarily cortisol), mineralocorticoids (primarily aldosterone), and androgens.
The name mineralocorticoid derives from early observations that these hormones were involved in the retention of sodium, a mineral. The primary endogenous mineralocorticoid is aldosterone, although a number of other endogenous hormones (including progesterone [1] and deoxycorticosterone) have mineralocorticoid function.
Finerenone is a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). [7] It is taken orally (swallowed by mouth). Common side effects include hyperkalemia (high levels of potassium) (normal 3.5-5.5mg/dl), hypotension (low blood pressure), and hyponatremia (low levels of sodium). [8]
Side effects with <1% incidence included ... as a side effect in men. [110] [129 ... which has indirect mineralocorticoid activity by inhibiting ...
Other serious side effects can include low immune-system function, cataracts, muscle weakness, and mood changes. [3] Whether use of fludrocortisone during pregnancy is safe for the fetus is unknown. [5] Fludrocortisone is mostly a mineralocorticoid, but it also has glucocorticoid effects. [3] Fludrocortisone was patented in 1953. [6]
[28] [16] In addition, the AR antagonism of spironolactone is involved in its feminizing side effects, such as gynecomastia in men. [28] Spironolactone has been found to produce gynecomastia without changes in testosterone or estradiol levels, implicating AR antagonism in this side effect. [30] Gynecomastia is a major known side effect of AR ...
Micrograph of fatty liver, as may be seen due to long-term prednisone use. Trichrome stain.. Short-term side effects, as with all glucocorticoids, include high blood glucose levels (especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or on other medications that increase blood glucose, such as tacrolimus) and mineralocorticoid effects such as fluid retention. [24]