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Excessive use may result in medication overuse headaches. [3] Use is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended within 24 hours after taking a dose. [4] Rizatriptan is in the triptan class and is believed to work by activating the 5-HT 1 receptor. [3] Rizatriptan was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 1998.
Almotriptan (trade name Axert and others) is a triptan medication discovered and developed by Almirall for the treatment of heavy migraine headache. It was patented in 1992 and approved for medical use in 2000. [4]
Triptans are a mid-line treatment suitable for many migraineurs with typical attacks. They may not work for atypical or unusually severe migraine attacks, transformed migraine, or status migrainosus (continuous migraine). Triptans are highly effective, reducing the symptoms or aborting the attack within 30 to 90 minutes in 70–80% of patients. [6]
The triptan drug class includes 1st generation sumatriptan (which has poor bioavailability), and second generation zolmitriptan. [2] Due to their safety, efficacy and selectivity, triptans are considered first line agents for abortion of migraines. [2]
In 1991, Glaxo received approval for sumatriptan, which was the first available triptan. In July 2009, the US FDA approved a single-use jet injector formulation of sumatriptan. The device delivers a subcutaneous injection of sumatriptan, without the use of a needle. Autoinjectors with needles have been previously available in Europe and North ...
Eletriptan, sold under the brand name Relpax and used in the form of eletriptan hydrobromide, is a second-generation triptan medication intended for treatment of migraine headaches. [3] [4] It is used as an abortive medication, blocking a migraine attack which is already in progress. Eletriptan is marketed and manufactured by Pfizer Inc.
A meta-analysis of 53 clinical trials has shown that all triptans are effective for treating migraine at marketed doses and that naratriptan, although less effective than sumatriptan and rizatriptan was more effective than placebo in reducing migraine symptoms at two hours [3] and efficacy was demonstrated in almost two thirds of subjects after four hours of treatment.
Zolmitriptan is a triptan and a substituted tryptamine. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is specifically the derivative of N , N -dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 of the indole ring has been substituted with a [(4 S )-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group .