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  2. Tropical ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_ecology

    Tropical ecology is the study of the relationships between the biotic and abiotic components of the tropics, or the area of the Earth that lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.4378° N and 23.4378° S, respectively). The tropical climate experiences hot, humid weather and rainfall year-round.

  3. Evolutionary history of plants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_history_of_plants

    Land plants evolved from a group of freshwater green algae, perhaps as early as 850 mya, [3] but algae-like plants might have evolved as early as 1 billion years ago. [2] The closest living relatives of land plants are the charophytes, specifically Charales; if modern Charales are similar to the distant ancestors they share with land plants, this means that the land plants evolved from a ...

  4. Plant evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_evolution

    Plant evolution is the subset of evolutionary phenomena that concern plants. Evolutionary phenomena are characteristics of populations that are described by averages, medians, distributions, and other statistical methods. This distinguishes plant evolution from plant development, a branch of developmental biology which concerns the changes that ...

  5. Plant ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_ecology

    A tropical plant community on Diego Garcia Rangeland monitoring using Parker 3-step Method, Okanagan Washington 2002. Plant ecology is a subdiscipline of ecology that studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among plants and between plants and other organisms. [1]

  6. Timeline of the evolutionary history of life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the...

    They were photosynthetic and multicellular, indicating that plants evolved much earlier than originally thought. [53] 750 Ma Beginning of animal evolution. [54] [55] 720–630 Ma Possible global glaciation [56] [57] which increased the atmospheric oxygen and decreased carbon dioxide, and was either caused by land plant evolution [58] or ...

  7. Timeline of plant evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_plant_evolution

    The evidence of plant evolution changes dramatically in the Ordovician with the first extensive appearance of embryophyte spores in the fossil record. The earliest terrestrial plants lived during the Middle Ordovician around 470 million years ago , based on their fossils found in the form of monads and spores, with resistant polymers in their ...

  8. Plant evolutionary developmental biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_evolutionary...

    Some studies [clarification needed] have looked at the origins of the maize plant and found that maize is a domesticated derivative of a wild plant from Mexico called teosinte. Teosinte belongs to the genus Zea , just as maize, but bears very small inflorescence , 5–10 hard cobs, and a highly branched and spread-out stem.

  9. Biodiversity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity

    Tropical forest ecosystems cover less than one ... Biodiversity is the result of 3.5 billion years of evolution. [106] The origin of life ... Plant and animal species ...