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Alpha thalassemia is has greatest prevalence in populations originating from Southeast Asia, Mediterranean countries, Africa, the Middle East, India, and Central Asia. [7] Having a mild form of alpha thalassemia has been demonstrated to protect against malaria and thus can be an advantage in malaria endemic areas. [12]
β thalassemia major (Mediterranean anemia or Cooley anemia) is caused by a β o /β o genotype. No functional β chains are produced, and thus no hemoglobin A can be assembled. This is the most severe form of β-thalassemia. β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced.
This geographical distribution is thought to be due to beta-thalassemia carrier state (beta thalassemia minor) conferring a resistance to malaria. [8] In the United States, thalassemia's prevalence is approximately 1 in 272,000 or 1,000 people. There have been 4,000 hospitalized cases in England in 2002 and 9,233 consultant episodes for ...
The prevalence of Hemoglobin H disease mirrors that of the hemoglobinopathies. As a whole, they are most prevalent in individuals of Asian, African, and Mediterranean decent. [ 5 ] There is a protective effect against malaria for individuals carrying thalassemia genes, which explains the high frequency of thalassemia within the worldwide ...
Hemoglobinopathy is the medical term for a group of inherited blood disorders involving the hemoglobin, the protein of red blood cells. [1] They are generally single-gene disorders and, in most cases, they are inherited as autosomal recessive traits.
People who have hemoglobin E trait (heterozygous) are asymptomatic and their state does not usually result in health problems. They may have a low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and very abnormal red blood cells ( target cells ), but clinical relevance is mainly due to the potential for transmitting E or β-thalassemia.
Several thalassemia treatment centers have also received funding from the CDC as part of the Center's Prevention of Complications in Thalassemia project. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA). When a new treatment for thalassemia is submitted to the FDA for review, the Foundation makes certain that the concerns of the thalassemia community are ...
Therefore, most transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients can be diagnosed within the first few years of life, which severe anemia, differed growth, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly can be observed. Parameters for confirmation includes baseline hemoglobin level <7g/dL, enlargement of liver and spleen (>5 cm) and height in the first 10th percentile.
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