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The law was named after scientist Jacques Charles, who formulated the original law in his unpublished work from the 1780s.. In two of a series of four essays presented between 2 and 30 October 1801, [2] John Dalton demonstrated by experiment that all the gases and vapours that he studied expanded by the same amount between two fixed points of temperature.
The Joule expansion (a subset of free expansion) is an irreversible process in thermodynamics in which a volume of gas is kept in one side of a thermally isolated container (via a small partition), with the other side of the container being evacuated. The partition between the two parts of the container is then opened, and the gas fills the ...
Four items are required for gas collection with a pneumatic trough: [2] The trough itself, which is a large glass dish or a similar container. A gas bottle (or bulb), to hold the gas collected. A way to support the gas bottle or bulb, such as a beehive shelf or a hanger (as with Stephen Hales' design). A liquid in the trough.
These three gas laws in combination with Avogadro's law can be generalized by the ideal gas law. Gay-Lussac used the formula acquired from ΔV/V = αΔT to define the rate of expansion α for gases. For air, he found a relative expansion ΔV/V = 37.50% and obtained a value of α = 37.50%/100 °C = 1/266.66 °C which indicated that the value of ...
In simple words, we can say that the partial pressure of a gas in vapour phase is directly proportional to the mole fraction of a gas in solution. An example where Henry's law is at play is the depth-dependent dissolution of oxygen and nitrogen in the blood of underwater divers that changes during decompression, going to decompression sickness.
A Cartesian diver or Cartesian devil is a classic science experiment which demonstrates the principle of buoyancy (Archimedes' principle) and the ideal gas law.The first written description of this device is provided by Raffaello Magiotti, in his book Renitenza certissima dell'acqua alla compressione (Very firm resistance of water to compression) published in 1648.
The mass density of a gas can be measured by using a gas collecting tube, an analytical balance and an aspirator. The mass and volume of a displaced amount of gas are determined: At atmospheric pressure p {\displaystyle p} , the gas collecting tube is filled with the gas to be investigated and the overall mass m f u l l {\displaystyle m_{full ...
The experiment consists of introducing water through an inlet to a container filled with ammonia gas. [1] Ammonia dissolves into the water and the pressure in the container drops. As a result, more water is forced into the container from another inlet creating a fountain effect.