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With treatment, less than 0.2% of children require endotracheal intubation. [14] Since croup is usually a viral disease, antibiotics are not used unless secondary bacterial infection is suspected. [2] The use of cough medicines, which usually contain dextromethorphan or guaifenesin, are also discouraged. [2]
In children under five years and adults over 40 years, the fatality rate may be as much as 20%. [28] In 2013, it resulted in 3,300 deaths, down from 8,000 deaths in 1990. [7] Better standards of living, mass immunization, improved diagnosis, prompt treatment, and more effective health care have led to a decrease in cases worldwide. [31]
Bacterial tracheitis is a rare complication of influenza infection. [4] It is the most serious in young children, possibly because of the relatively small size of the trachea that gets easily blocked by swelling. The most frequent sign is the rapid development of stridor. It is occasionally confused with croup. If it is inflamed, a condition ...
The omicron Covid variant appears to be leading to croup in young children under the age of 5. Doctors share what to know about kids, omicron and croup. Omicron in kids leading to a new but ...
There is no vaccine or treatment. RSV symptoms include cough and it can be severe in babies and toddlers. RSV symptoms: What to look for if your child has a respiratory virus or the flu
The viruses have a tendency towards different complications: influenza is more likely to cause severe pneumonia in high-risk groups; parainfluenza is more likely to cause croup in children. Influenza has effective vaccines available and can be treated with antiviral medications like neuraminidase inhibitors.
metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection; necrotizing enterocolitis; neonatal conjunctivitis; parainfluenza (PIV) infection; pertussis; poliomyelitis; prenatal Listeria; Group B streptoccus infection; Tay–Sachs disease; tetanus; Ureaplasma urealyticum infection; respiratory Syncytial Virus infection; rhinovirus; common cold
[1] [2] The presence of the steeple sign supports a diagnosis of croup, usually caused by paramyxoviruses. [3] It can also be defined as the replacement of the usual squared-shoulder appearance of the subglottic area by cone-shaped narrowing just distal to the vocal cords. This is called the steeple or pencil-point sign.