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In renal physiology, renal sodium reabsorption refers to the process by which the kidneys, having filtered out waste products from the blood to be excreted as urine, re-absorb sodium ions (Na2+) from the waste. It uses Na-H antiport, Na-glucose symport, sodium ion channels (minor). [1] It is stimulated by angiotensin II and aldosterone, and ...
Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. Complications may include blood clots, infections, and high blood pressure.
Lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, seizures and coma [1] The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), also known as the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), [2] is characterized by a physiologically inappropriate release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) either from the posterior pituitary gland ...
Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the kidney, typically due to a bacterial infection. [ 3 ] Symptoms most often include fever and flank tenderness. [ 2 ] Other symptoms may include nausea, burning with urination, and frequent urination. [ 2 ] Complications may include pus around the kidney, sepsis, or kidney failure.
Renal physiology (Latin rēnēs, "kidneys") is the study of the physiology of the kidney. This encompasses all functions of the kidney, including maintenance of acid-base balance; regulation of fluid balance; regulation of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes; clearance of toxins; absorption of glucose, amino acids, and other small ...
Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract. [2] Renal calculi typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. [2] A small calculus may pass without causing symptoms. [2]
High sodium consumption (5 g or more of salt per day) and insufficient potassium intake (less than 3.5 grams (0.12 oz) per day) have been linked to high blood pressure and increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. [5] [6] As an essential nutrient, sodium is involved in numerous cellular and organ functions. Several national ...
Natriuresis is the process of sodium excretion in the urine through the action of the kidneys. [1] It is promoted by ventricular and atrial natriuretic peptides as well as calcitonin, [2] and inhibited by chemicals such as aldosterone. Natriuresis lowers the concentration of sodium in the blood and also tends to lower blood volume because ...