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  2. Human milk oligosaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_milk_oligosaccharide

    Human milk oligosaccharide. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), also known as human milk glycans, are short polymers of simple sugars that can be found in high concentrations in human breast milk. [1] Human milk oligosaccharides promote the development of the immune system, can reduce the risk of pathogen infections and improve brain ...

  3. Breast milk - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_milk

    Breast milk contains fats, proteins, carbohydrates (including lactose and human milk oligosaccharides), and a varying composition of minerals and vitamins. [50] [51] The composition changes over a single feed as well as over the period of lactation. [52] Changes are particularly pronounced in marsupials. [53] Colostrum vs breastmilk

  4. Oligosaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaccharide

    Human milk is an example of this and contains oligosaccharides, known as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are derived from lactose. [21] [22] These oligosaccharides have biological function in the development of the gut flora of infants. Examples include lacto-N-tetraose, lacto-N-neotetraose, and lacto-N-fucopentaose.

  5. Human milk microbiome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_milk_microbiome

    Human milk is typified by greater overall HMO diversity and predominance of oligosaccharides known to promote growth of Bifidobacterium in the infant gut. [73] Milk microbiota are thought to play an essential role in programming the infant immune system, and tend to reduce the risk of adverse infant health outcomes. [ 57 ]

  6. Human milk immunity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Milk_Immunity

    Human milk immunity is the protection provided to the immune system of an infant via the biologically active components in human milk. Human milk was previously thought to only provide passive immunity primarily through Secretory IgA, but advances in technology have led to the identification of various immune-modulating components. [ 1][ 2][ 3 ...

  7. Prebiotic (nutrition) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prebiotic_(nutrition)

    An endogenous source of prebiotics in humans is human breast milk, which contains oligosaccharides structurally similar to galactooligosaccharides, referred to as human milk oligosaccharides. [ 26 ] [ 9 ] [ 22 ] [ 3 ] Human milk oligosaccharides were found to increase the Bifidobacteria bacterial population in breastfed infants, and to ...

  8. 2'-Fucosyllactose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2'-fucosyllactose

    2′-Fucosyllactose (2′-FL) is a fucosylated neutral trisaccharide composed of L -fucose, D -galactose, and D -glucose units. It is the most prevalent human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) naturally present in human breast milk, making up about 30% of all of HMOs. [1] It was first discovered in the 1950s in human milk.

  9. Bifidus factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifidus_factor

    Human breast milk contains unique and highly diverse human milk oligosaccharides.These oligosaccharides are considered to be a "Bifidus Factor" because they form highly desired intestinal bacteria; it is for this reason that baby formula contains added oligosaccharides in order to help build a child's immune system.

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