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Natural DNA is a molecule carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids; alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four major types of macromolecules that are essential for all known forms ...
It is used as a nucleobase of hachimoji DNA, in which it pairs with 6-Amino-5-nitropyridin-2-one. [1] Hydrogen bonding (dashed lines) between unnatural bases in ...
It is used as a nucleobase of hachimoji DNA, in which it pairs with 5-aza-7-deazaguanine. [1] Hydrogen bonding (dashed lines) between unnatural bases in hachimoji DNA.
Several artificial nucleobases have been synthesized, and successfully incorporated in the eight-base DNA analogue named Hachimoji DNA. Dubbed S, B, P, and Z, these artificial bases are capable of bonding with each other in a predictable way (S–B and P–Z), maintain the double helix structure of DNA, and be transcribed to RNA.
Hachimoji DNA is built from eight nucleotide letters, forming four possible base pairs. It therefore doubles the information density of natural DNA. In studies, RNA has even been produced from hachimoji DNA. This technology could also be used to allow data storage in DNA. [13]
It is also used in combination with isocytosine in studies of unnatural nucleic acid analogues of the normal base pairs in DNA. [2] [3] It is used as a nucleobase of hachimoji nucleic acids. [4] In hachimoji DNA, it pairs with 1-methylcytosine, while in hachimoji RNA, it pairs with isocytosine. Isoguanine-Isocytosine-base-pair
It is used in combination with isoguanine in studies of unnatural nucleic acid analogues of the normal base pairs in DNA. [1] In particular, it is used as a nucleobase of hachimoji RNA. [2] Isoguanine-Isocytosine-base-pair. It can be synthesized from guanidine and malic acid. [3] Synthesis of isocytosine from malic acid
1-Methylcytosine is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine. In 1-methylcytosine, a methyl group is attached to the 1st atom in the 6-atom ring. This methyl group distinguishes 1-methylcytosine from cytosine.