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Hawaiian (ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi, pronounced [ʔoːˈlɛlo həˈvɐjʔi]) [7] is a Polynesian language and critically endangered language of the Austronesian language family that takes its name from Hawaiʻi, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed.
Moʻolelo were written down and published in Hawaiian-language newspapers such as Ke Kumu Hawaii and Ka Nonanona as literacy in the written Hawaiian language became widespread. [12] In the 1860s, 1870s, and 1880s, there was a concerted effort to write down and preserve aspects of Hawaiian tradition including moʻolelo. [13]
This page was last edited on 13 November 2020, at 09:58 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
Ulukau: The Hawaiian Electronic Library is an online, digital library of Native Hawaiian reference material for cultural and Hawaiian language studies. The services are free and are provided and maintained by Kahaka ‘Ula O Ke’elikolani College of Hawaiian Language at the University of Hawaii at Hilo [1] and Ka Waihona Puke 'Ōiwi Native Hawaiian Library at Alu Like. [2]
The Hawaiian language has about 2,000 native speakers, about 0.15% of the total population. [190] According to the United States Census, there were more than 24,000 total speakers of the language in Hawaii in 2006–2008. [191] Hawaiian is a Polynesian member of the Austronesian language family. [190]
The contemporary classification of the Polynesian languages began with certain observations by Andrew Pawley in 1966 based on shared innovations in phonology, vocabulary and grammar showing that the East Polynesian languages were more closely related to Samoan than they were to Tongan, calling Tongan and its nearby relative Niuean "Tongic" and ...
The Hawaiian language and its dialects (including Niʻihau) are a part of the Austronesian languages, which are a group of languages spoken throughout Oceania, Southeast Asia and other parts of the world. [2] It specifically belongs to the Polynesian subbranch, which also includes languages such as Samoan, Tongan, Tahitian and Marquesan. [3]
Hawaiian has only eight consonant phonemes: /p, k ⁓ t, ʔ, h, m, n, l ⁓ ɾ, w ⁓ v/. There is allophonic variation of [k] with [t], [w] with [v], and [l] with [ɾ]. The [t] – [k] variation is highly unusual among the world's languages. Hawaiian has either 5 or 25 vowel phonemes, depending on how long vowels and diphthongs are analyzed ...