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Hawaiian (ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, pronounced [ʔoːˈlɛlo həˈvɐjʔi]) [7] is a Polynesian language and critically endangered language of the Austronesian language family that takes its name from Hawaiʻi, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed.
The contemporary classification of the Polynesian languages began with certain observations by Andrew Pawley in 1966 based on shared innovations in phonology, vocabulary and grammar showing that the East Polynesian languages were more closely related to Samoan than they were to Tongan, calling Tongan and its nearby relative Niuean "Tongic" and ...
A 5 dollar banknote, Hawaii, c. 1839, using Hawaiian language. It is difficult to make generalizations about the languages that make up a family as diverse as Austronesian. Very broadly, one can divide the Austronesian languages into three groups: Philippine-type languages, Indonesian-type languages and post-Indonesian type languages: [19]
Several prominent languages spoken in Indonesia sorted by language family are: Austronesian languages – (Malayo-Polynesian branch). Most languages spoken in Indonesia belong to this family, which in return are related to languages spoken in Madagascar, Malaysia, Philippines, New Zealand, Hawaii and various Oceanian countries.
Hawaiian-language films (5 P) H. Hawaiian names (6 P) Hawaiian Pidgin (5 P, 1 F) T. Translators to Hawaiian (1 C, 4 P) W. Hawaiian words and phrases (1 C, 39 P)
The Hawaiian language has about 2,000 native speakers, about 0.15% of the total population. [191] According to the United States Census, there were more than 24,000 total speakers of the language in Hawaii in 2006–2008. [192] Hawaiian is a Polynesian member of the Austronesian language family. [191]
Hawaiian is a predominantly verb–subject–object language. However, word order is flexible, and the emphatic word can be placed first in the sentence. [1]: p28 Hawaiian largely avoids subordinate clauses, [1]: p.27 and often uses a possessive construction instead.
The Hawaiian language and its dialects (including Niʻihau) are a part of the Austronesian languages, which are a group of languages spoken throughout Oceania, Southeast Asia and other parts of the world. [2] It specifically belongs to the Polynesian subbranch, which also includes languages such as Samoan, Tongan, Tahitian and Marquesan. [3]