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Sol (borrowed from the Latin word for sun) is a solar day on Mars; that is, a Mars-day. A sol is the apparent interval between two successive returns of the Sun to the same meridian (sundial time) as seen by an observer on Mars. It is one of several units for timekeeping on Mars. A sol is slightly longer than an Earth day.
The basic time periods from which the calendar is constructed are the Martian solar day (sometimes called a sol) and the Martian vernal equinox year.The sol is 39 minutes 35.244 seconds longer than the Terrestrial solar day, and the Martian vernal equinox year is 668.5907 sols in length (which corresponds to 686.9711 days on Earth).
The corresponding values for Earth are currently 23 h 56 m 4.0916 s and 24 h 00 m 00.002 s, respectively, which yields a conversion factor of 1.027 491 2517 Earth days/sol: thus, Mars's solar day is only about 2.75% longer than Earth's; approximately 73 sols pass for every 75 Earth days. The term "sol" is used by planetary scientists to refer ...
If everything goes well and Ingenuity becomes the first human-made object to fly on another planet, the helicopter is expected to fly up to four more times over 30 sols (Mars days).
A Martian day lasts about 40 minutes longer than a day on Earth. The increased acceleration seems incredibly small, and researchers aren’t quite sure what is causing it.
The term started being used in 2004 as the Mars Exploration Rovers' (MER) solar panels started to benefit from these events. [2] The rovers were expected to last about 90 sols (Martian days) on Mars, after which dust would cover their solar panels and reduce solar power to levels too low for the rovers to operate. However, power levels went ...
NASA's Mars rover in the Jezero crater recorded this partial eclipse of the Sun by the Martian moon Phobos on Sept. 30, also known as the 1,285th Martian day of the robotic mission. As the potato ...
The temperature variations between spring and summer are much less than the very sharp variations that occur within a single Martian sol (solar day). On a daily basis, temperatures peak at local solar noon and reach a minimum at local midnight. This is similar to the effect in Earth's deserts, only much more pronounced.