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Thomas Aquinas OP (/ ə ˈ k w aɪ n ə s / ⓘ ə-KWY-nəs; Italian: Tommaso d'Aquino, lit. 'Thomas of Aquino '; c. 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian [ 6 ] Dominican friar and priest , the foremost Scholastic thinker, [ 7 ] as well as one of the most influential philosophers and theologians in the Western tradition. [ 8 ]
Engraving of the canonization of Thomas Aquinas by Egbert van Panderen and Otto van Veen (1610). Following two inquiries which involved over a hundred eyewitnesses, the Italian Dominican theologian and philosopher Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) was formally canonized as a saint of the Catholic Church on 18 July 1323 by Pope John XXII .
The Routledge guidebook to Aquinas' Summa Theologiae. Routledge guides to the great books. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-315-72842-1. Porro, Pasquale (2016). Thomas Aquinas: a historical and philosophical profile. Washington, D.C: The Catholic University of America Press. ISBN 978-0-8132-2805-1. Vollert, Cyril (1958). "Translator's preface".
En route to the Second Council of Lyon in 1274, the Dominican scholastic Thomas Aquinas died in the abbey on 7 March. In 1461 Pope Pius II signed a bull returning to the abbey various properties which had been estranged by the previous abbots.
Saint Thomas Aquinas, O.P. (also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino; born c. 1225; died 7 March 1274) was a priest, philosopher and theologian of the Catholic Church. His best-known works are the Summa Theologica and the Summa Contra Gentiles .
Thomas was a supporter of the young Frederick as King of Germany and fought against the emperor Otto IV, who invaded southern Italy in 1210.He was appointed Count of Acerra after Frederick's imperial coronation in 1220 at the same time that his cousin Landulf von Aquino, the father of the church scholar Thomas, was appointed legal advisor at Terra di Lavoro. [3]
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Thomas Aquinas holds that the existence of God can be demonstrated by reason, [38] a view that is taught by the Catholic Church. [39] The quinque viae (Latin: five ways ) found in the Summa Theologica ( I, Q.2, art.3 ) are five possible ways of demonstrating the existence of God, [ 40 ] which today are categorized as: