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The Ancient Greek pronunciation shown here is a reconstruction of the Attic dialect in the 5th century BC. For other Ancient Greek dialects, such as Doric, Aeolic, or Koine Greek, please use |generic=yes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA ...
Ancient Greek phonology is the reconstructed phonology or pronunciation of Ancient Greek.This article mostly deals with the pronunciation of the standard Attic dialect of the fifth century BC, used by Plato and other Classical Greek writers, and touches on other dialects spoken at the same time or earlier.
The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to have developed distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. [5]
When this script was used to write the classical Greek alphabet, κ was replaced with c , αι and οι became æ and œ , and ει and ου were simplified to i (more rarely—corresponding to an earlier pronunciation— e ) and u .
One, however – θ – has only its Greek form, while for ꞵ ~ β and ꭓ ~ χ , both Greek and Latin forms are in common use. [16] The tone letters are not derived from an alphabet, but from a pitch trace on a musical scale. Beyond the letters themselves, there are a variety of secondary symbols which aid in transcription.
The Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek [1] (Greek: Λεξικό της κοινής Νεοελληνικής) is a monolingual dictionary of Modern Greek published by the Institute of Modern Greek Studies (Manolis Triantafyllidis Foundation) [2] (named after Manolis Triantafyllidis), at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 1998.
However, the Vulgar Latin spellings z or zi for earlier di and d before e, and the spellings di and dz for earlier z, suggest the pronunciation /dz/, as for example ziomedis for diomedis, and diaeta for zeta. [34] In ancient times V and I represented the approximant consonants /w/ and /j/, as well as the close vowels /u(ː)/ and /i(ː)/.
Xi (/ z aɪ / ZY or /(k) s aɪ / (K)SY; [1] [2] uppercase Ξ, lowercase ξ; Greek: ξι) is the fourteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiceless consonant cluster. Its name is pronounced in Modern Greek. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 60. Xi was derived from the Phoenician letter samekh.