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Laryngeal cartilages are cartilages which surround and protect the larynx. They form during embryonic development from pharyngeal arches. There are a total of nine laryngeal skeleton in humans: Thyroid cartilage - unpaired; Cricoid cartilage - unpaired; Epiglottis - unpaired; Arytenoid cartilages - paired; Corniculate cartilages - paired
In the human larynx, the cuneiform cartilages (from Latin: cuneus 'wedge' + forma 'form'; also known as cartilages of Wrisberg) are two small, elongated pieces of yellow elastic cartilage, placed one on either side, in the aryepiglottic fold. [1] The cuneiforms are paired cartilages that sit on top of and move with the arytenoids. [2]
The corniculate cartilages (cartilages of Santorini) are two small conical nodules in the larynx, consisting of elastic cartilage, which articulate with the summits of the arytenoid cartilages and serve to prolong them posteriorly and medially.
The cricoid arch is the curved and vertically narrow anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage. Anteriorly, it measures 5-7 mm superoinferiorly; it becomes wider on eithers side towards its transition into the cricoid lamina of that side.
The posterior surface is triangular, smooth, concave, and gives attachment to the arytenoid muscle and transversus.. The antero-lateral surface is somewhat convex and rough. On it, near the apex of the cartilage, is a rounded elevation (colliculus) from which a ridge (crista arcuata) curves at first backward and then downward and forward to the vocal process.
The larynx (/ ˈ l æ r ɪ ŋ k s /), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in breathing, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of larynx into pharynx known as the laryngeal inlet is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. [1]
"Anatomy diagram: 25420.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2015-02-26. lesson11 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (larynxmembranes) Atlas image: rsa3p11 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Larynx, anterior view"
The vocal folds are located within the larynx at the top of the trachea. They are attached at the back to the arytenoid cartilages, and at the front to the thyroid cartilage via Broyles ligament. They are part of the glottis. Their outer edges are attached to muscle in the larynx while their inner edges form an opening called the rima glottidis.