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The Rajya Sabha (lit: "States' Assembly"), also known as the Council of States, is the upper house of the Parliament of India which is bicameral.As of 2023, it has a maximum membership of 245, of which 233 are elected by the State legislative assemblies of India and of union territories using single transferable votes through open ballots, while the President of India can appoint 12 members ...
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha exercise these privileges to maintain decorum, ensure orderly debates, and enforce rules of procedure. This control over internal affairs allows the Indian Parliament to function independently, protect its integrity, and maintain its authority as a legislative body.
Articles 245–255 on Distribution of Legislative Powers. The Constitution provides for a three-fold distribution of legislative subjects between the Union and the states, viz., List-I (the Union List), List-II (the State List) and List-III (the Concurrent List) in the Seventh Schedule: (i) The Parliament has exclusive powers to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in the ...
The state legislature has exclusive power to make laws on these subjects. In certain circumstances, the parliament can make laws on subjects mentioned in the State List, but to do so the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) must pass a resolution with a two-thirds majority that it is expedient to legislate in the national interest. [1]
Powers can only be permanently removed from the State List via a constitutional amendment approved by a majority of the states. The Rajya Sabha, as the representative of the States, can temporarily remove an item from the State List so the Union parliament can legislate on it. This requires a two-thirds vote and lasts for a renewable one-year ...
Compared to the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha has fewer members and its members have more restricted power. [2] Unlike the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and cannot be dissolved at any time. However, every second year, one third of the members are retired and the vacancies are filled by fresh elections and Presidential nomination ...
The Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India specifies the allocation of powers and functions between the Union and the State legislatures. It embodies three lists; namely, the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List. [1] The Union list enumerates a total of 97 subjects over which the power of the Union parliament extends.
Twelve members are nominated to the Rajya Sabha by the President of India for a six-year term for their contributions towards arts, literature, sciences, and social services. This right has been bestowed upon the President according to the Fourth Schedule (Articles 4(1) and 80(2)) of the Constitution of India .