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An abbreviation (from Latin brevis, meaning "short" [1]) is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym) or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word with a trailing period.
cab Cabernet Sauvignon cabriolet caff (UK slang) café cal calorie (in combination, especially "lo-cal") Cal or Cali California Calcutta cam camera camouflage camo camouflage Can Canada or Canadian (in combination)
The word acronym is formed from the Greek roots akro-, meaning 'height, summit, or tip', and -nym, 'name'. [6] [unreliable source] This neoclassical compound appears to have originated in German, with attestations for the German form Akronym appearing as early as 1921. [7]
abbreviation or word Latin translation usage and notes AB Artium Baccalaureus "Bachelor of Arts" An undergraduate bachelor's degree awarded for either a course or a program in the liberal arts or the sciences, or both. a.C.n. ante Christum natum "before Christ" "B.C." is commonly used in English instead to convey this meaning. ad. nat. delt.
Grammatical abbreviations are generally written in full or small caps to visually distinguish them from the translations of lexical words. For instance, capital or small-cap PAST (frequently abbreviated to PST) glosses a grammatical past-tense morpheme, while lower-case 'past' would be a literal translation of a word with that meaning.
Abbreviations may also be found for common words or legal phrases. Such citations and abbreviations are found in court decisions, statutes, regulations, journal articles, books, and other documents. Below is a basic list of very common abbreviations.
3NF—Third Normal Form; 386—Intel 80386 processor; 486—Intel 80486 processor; 4B5BLF—4-bit 5-bit Local Fiber; 4GL—Fourth-Generation Programming Language; 4NF—Fourth Normal Form; 5GL—Fifth-Generation Programming Language; 5NF—Fifth Normal Form; 6NF—Sixth Normal Form; 8B10BLF—8-bit 10-bit Local Fiber; 802.11—Wireless LAN
The abbreviation is not always a short form of the word used in the clue. For example: "Knight" for N (the symbol used in chess notation) Taking this one stage further, the clue word can hint at the word or words to be abbreviated rather than giving the word itself. For example: "About" for C or CA (for "circa"), or RE.