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Nuclear sclerosis vs nuclear cataract. To determine whether nuclear sclerosis has entered the realm of nuclear cataract, the examiner may wish to depend on his slit-lamp evaluation. However, there is another method: Elicit the orange-red reflex with the direct ophthalmoscope at arm's length from the eye. If the nuclear sclerosis has reached at ...
Ophthalmic Atlas Images by EyeRounds.org, The University of Iowa are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Nuclear sclerotic cataracts are secondary to opacification of the lens nucleus which typically occurs as a part of normal aging. The nucleus in this cataract has a "milky" appearance.
In the human eye, the average index of refraction of the crystalline lens is 1.386, which is higher than the index of refraction of the aqueous 1.336. This difference helps drive the refractive power of the crystalline lens. If the refractive index of the lens increases, light undergoes more refraction; thus, a myopic shift will occur.
The stages of a nuclear cataract are: 1. nuclear sclerosis, 2. incipient nuclear cataract (at this stage, Dr. Caccamise used the criterion of a circular reflex elicited with the direct ophthalmoscope with the pupil fully dilated. That reflex determined for him that nuclear sclerosis had advanced to nuclear cataract.), 3. well-established ...
A posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is defined as the separation of the posterior hyaloid face from the neurosensory retina. At birth, the vitreous "gel" fills the back of the eye and normally has Jello-like consistency. As one ages, the vitreous undergoes "syneresis," in which it becomes more fluid or liquid-like.
Pathophysiology. A Morgagnian cataract arises when a cortical cataract becomes hypermature. A cortical cataract is an opacity of the lens cortex or periphery of the lens. An early cortical cataract is often clinically diagnosed by spoke-like or wedge-shaped opacities of the lens, most commonly in the inferior quadrants.
Discussion. Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS), also called glaucomatocyclitic crisis, is a rare inflammatory glaucoma that was first described in 1948 and affects individuals ages 20 to 60 [1]. PSS classically presents as recurrent episodes of unilateral, transient elevations in IOP, ranging in the 40s to 50s mmHg.
o OD: 2-3+ nuclear sclerosis o OS: 1-2+ nuclear sclerosis • Vitreous: Normal OU Dilated Fundus Exam Disc: Normal, cup-to-disc ratio 0.3 OU • Vessels: Normal OU • Macula: Normal OU • Periphery: Normal OU Figure 1a-b: Slit lamp photos of the left eye before treatment Other Tests Topography was ordered to characterize the corneal
OS: 3+ Nuclear sclerosis, 1 + central posterior sub-capsular cataract, elevated scrolled flap of the lens capsule from 8:30 clockwise to 4 (Figure 4) Figure 1: Slit lamp photograph OD demonstrating delamination of the anterior lens capsule with wrinkling of the free-floating flap in the anterior chamber.
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma characterized by malignant B cells and the accumulation of IgM monoclonal protein in the blood. While no single cause has been found, a mutation in the MYD88 gene is observed in over 90% of patients (1). This gene encodes for a protein involved in the toll-like receptor and ...