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Small planets, the Moon and dwarf planets in the Solar System have diameters from one to ten million meters. Top row: Mars (left), Mercury (right); bottom row: Moon (left), Pluto (center), and Haumea (right), to scale. The megametre (SI symbol: Mm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1 000 000 meters (10 6 m).
For example, 5 km is treated as 5000 m, which allows all quantities based on the same unit to be factored together even if they have different prefixes. A prefix symbol attached to a unit symbol is included when the unit is raised to a power. For example, 1 km 2 denotes 1 km × 1 km = 10 6 m 2, not 10 3 m 2.
Mosquitoes, common smaller species (about 2.5 milligrams), [53] grain of salt or sand, [54] medicines are typically expressed in milligrams [55] 10 −5 centigram (cg) 1.1 × 10 −5 kg Small granule of quartz (2 mm diameter, 11 milligrams) [56] 2 × 10 −5 kg Adult housefly (Musca domestica, 21.4 milligrams) [57] 10 −4 decigram (dg) 0.27 ...
Unit prefixes that are much larger or smaller than encountered in practice are seldom used, albeit valid combinations. In most contexts only a few, the most common, combinations are established. For example, prefixes for multiples greater than one thousand are rarely applied to the gram or metre.
For historical reasons, the names and symbols for multiples and sub-multiples of the unit of mass are formed as if the gram were the base unit. Prefix names and symbols are attached to the unit name gram and the unit symbol g respectively. For example, 10 −6 kg is written milligram and mg, not microkilogram and μkg. [1]: 144
The angstrom (symbol Å) is a unit of distance used in chemistry and atomic physics equal to 100 pm. The micron (μ) is a unit of distance equal to one micrometre (1 μm). The basic module (M) is a unit of distance equal to one hundred millimetres (100 mm). The myriametre (mym) is a unit of distance equal to ten kilometres (10 km).
A simple example is a volume (how big an object occupies a space) as a measure. In mathematics, the concept of a measure is a generalization and formalization of geometrical measures (length, area, volume) and other common notions, such as magnitude, mass, and probability of events. These seemingly distinct concepts have many similarities and ...
A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various types, many symbols are needed for ...