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The boundary between Asia and Europe is often defined to follow the Aegean Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Turkish Strait, the Black Sea, the Greater Caucasus, and the Ural River and Mountains. However, controversies exist over the exact boundary.
The usual line taken to divide Africa from Asia today is at the Isthmus of Suez, the narrowest gap between the Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of Suez, the route today followed by the Suez Canal. This makes the Sinai Peninsula geographically Asian, and Egypt a transcontinental country.
The boundary between Europe and Asia is simply a historical and cultural construct. Nowadays, the border between Europe and Asia is usually drawn to follow the Aegean Sea, the Sea of Marmara–Bosporus, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, and the Ural River and Mountains.
The division of Europe and Asia is primarily based on historical, cultural, and geopolitical factors. The ancient Greeks, who were early mariners, gave the names Europe and Asia to the lands on either side of the complex waterways in the region.
Significance: This border was one of the earliest modern delineations between Europe and Asia, and it played a major role in geographic definitions during the 18th century. It separates the Caspian and Black Sea basins and emphasizes the natural divides of rivers and lowlands.
The border between Europe and Asia is formed by the Ural Mountains, specifically the Ural Mountain range, the Ural River, and the Caspian Sea. These geographical features serve as the conventional boundary between the two continents.
For most geographers today, the dividing line between Europe and Asia runs down the eastern edge of the Ural Mountains (in Russia), then along the Emba River (in Kazakhstan) to the shore of the Caspian Sea.