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A wide variety of materials have been described as soil conditioners due to their ability to improve soil quality. Some examples include biochar, [3] bone meal, blood meal, coffee grounds, compost, compost tea, coir, manure, [4] straw, peat, sphagnum moss, vermiculite, sulfur, lime, hydroabsorbant polymers, [5] and biosolids.
The primary functions of polyacrylamide soil conditioners are to increase soil tilth, aeration, and porosity and reduce compaction, dustiness and water run-off. Typical applications are 10 mg/L, which is still expensive for many applications. [3]
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The benefits of compost include providing nutrients to crops as fertilizer, acting as a soil conditioner, increasing the humus or humic acid contents of the soil, and introducing beneficial microbes that help to suppress pathogens in the soil and reduce soil-borne diseases.
It is a rich source of humic acid (up to 90%) [2] and is used as a soil conditioner, as a stabilizer for ion-exchange resins in water treatment, [3] in the remediation of polluted environments and as a drilling additive. [4] It was named after A. G. Leonard, first director of the North Dakota Geological Survey, in recognition of his work on ...
The term comes from humus, which in turn comes from the Latin word humus, meaning "soil, earth". [1] Humic substances represent the major part of organic matter in soil , peat , coal , and sediments , and are important components of dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) in lakes (especially dystrophic lakes ), rivers, and sea water .
As a soil conditioner, it is mainly used to enhance the absorption and retention of fertilizers and other nutrients. [7] It is able to chelate minerals while remaining bio-degradable, an improvement compared to EDTA. [8] Further hydrolysis and oxidation produces a product even more similar to humus, marketed as "lignohumate". [9]
Vermicompost contains water-soluble nutrients which may be extracted as vermiwash and is an excellent, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner. [3] It is used in gardening and sustainable, organic farming. Vermicomposting can also be applied for treatment of sewage.