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The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution containing a mixture of the two components to the acid dissociation constant, Ka of the acid, and the concentrations of the species in solution. [2] Simulated titration of an acidified solution of a weak acid (pKa = 4.7) with alkali. To derive the equation a number of simplifying ...
A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually or spectroscopically by changes in absorption and/or emission properties. [1] Hence, a pH indicator is a chemical detector for hydronium ions (H 3 O +) or hydrogen ions (H +) in the ...
The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of H+, and the pOH is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of OH-. For example, the pH of a 0.01M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is equal to 2 (pH = −log 10 (0.01)), while the pOH of a 0.01M solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is equal to 2 ...
With specific values for C a and K a this quadratic equation can be solved for x. Assuming [4] that pH = −log 10 [H +] the pH can be calculated as pH = −log 10 x. If the degree of dissociation is quite small, C a ≫ x and the expression simplifies to = and pH = 1 / 2 (pK a − log C a).
Speciation of ions refers to the changing concentration of varying forms of an ion as the pH of the solution changes. [1] The ratio of acid, AH and conjugate base, A −, concentrations varies as the difference between the pH and the p Ka varies, in accordance with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The pH of a solution of a monoprotic weak ...
t. e. The Brønsted–Lowry theory (also called proton theory of acids and bases[1]) is an acid–base reaction theory which was first developed by Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Thomas Martin Lowry independently in 1923. [2][3] The basic concept of this theory is that when an acid and a base react with each other, the acid forms its conjugate ...
Equation used to calculate the pH of a weak acid or base solution. The Charlot equation, named after Gaston Charlot, is used in analytical chemistry to relate the hydrogen ion concentration, and therefore the pH, with the formal analytical concentration of an acid and its conjugate base. It can be used for computing the pH of buffer solutions ...
Partition coefficient. In the physical sciences, a partition coefficient (P) or distribution coefficient (D) is the ratio of concentrations of a compound in a mixture of two immiscible solvents at equilibrium. This ratio is therefore a comparison of the solubilities of the solute in these two liquids. The partition coefficient generally refers ...