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Gemstone. Group of precious and semiprecious stones—both uncut and faceted—including ( clockwise from top left) diamond, uncut synthetic sapphire, ruby, uncut emerald, and amethyst crystal cluster. A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or ...
This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. ... Yttrium iron garnet; Organic. There are a number of organic materials used as gems, including:
A rarer type, which comes from the Mogok area of Myanmar, features a vanadium chromophore, the same as is present in Verneuil synthetic color-change sapphire. Virtually all gemstones that show the "alexandrite effect" (color change or 'metamerism') show similar absorption/transmission features in the visible spectrum. This is an absorption band ...
The name Almandine is a corruption of Alabanda, a region in Asia Minor where these stones were cut in ancient times. Chemically, almandine is an iron-aluminium garnet with the formula Fe 3 Al 2 (SiO 4) 3; the deep red transparent stones are often called precious garnet and are used as gemstones (being the most common of the gem garnets). [17]
Peridot ( / ˈpɛrɪˌdɒt, - ˌdoʊ / PERR-ih-dot, -doh ), sometimes called chrysolite, is a yellowish-green transparent variety of olivine. Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occur in only one color. Peridot can be found in mafic and ultramafic rocks occurring in lava and peridotite xenoliths of the mantle.
Jasper. Jasper, an aggregate of microgranular quartz and/or cryptocrystalline chalcedony and other mineral phases, [ 1][ 2] is an opaque, [ 3] impure variety of silica, usually red, yellow, brown or green in color; and rarely blue. The common red color is due to iron (III) inclusions. Jasper breaks with a smooth surface and is used for ...
Corundum. Corundum is a crystalline form of aluminium oxide ( Al2O3) typically containing traces of iron, titanium, vanadium, and chromium. [ 3][ 4] It is a rock -forming mineral. It is a naturally transparent material, but can have different colors depending on the presence of transition metal impurities in its crystalline structure. [ 7]
References. [ 1][ 2] Carnelian (also spelled cornelian) [ 3] is a brownish-red mineral commonly used as a semiprecious stone. Similar to carnelian is sard, which is generally harder and darker; the difference is not rigidly defined, and the two names are often used interchangeably. Both carnelian and sard are varieties of the silica mineral ...
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