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Disc protrusion is a herniation that creates an intact pouch that pushes against nerves. A disc extrusion is a herniation that can be compounded by inflammation due to a tear in the protective annulus, while sequestration involves a trapped, broken disc fragment.
Disc protrusions are a type of disc herniation characterized by protrusion of disc content beyond the normal confines of the intervertebral disc, over a segment less than 25% of the circumference of the disc.
Location of protrusion – A disc protrusion can occur in any section of a disc’s annulus fibrosus. This means a protrusion can occur at the posterior (back, toward the spinal cord), lateral (side), anterior (front), or even superior (top) segments of a disc.
In left paracentral disc extrusion, the nucleus pulposus, or the soft center of the spinal disc, protrudes through a tear in the annulus fibrosus, the disc's tough outer layer.
These nonsurgical disc protrusion treatment options can include: Rest; Heat or ice packs; Avoiding sitting for long periods of time, especially in cases of a lower back, or lumbar, disc protrusion; Exercise, physical therapy and stretching exercises; Improved posture and diet; Painkillers — either prescription or over-the-counter
A disc bulge, also known as a disc protrusion or herniation, occurs when the gel-like interior of a disc pushes through its tough outer layer. When this happens between the L4 and L5 vertebrae, it’s referred to as an L4-L5 disc bulge.
A disc made of a gel-like material (nucleus pulposus) surrounded by a thick fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) is situated between the vertebral bodies of L5 and S1. This disc provides cushioning and shock-absorbing functions to protect the vertebrae during spinal movements.
A foraminal disc protrusion is a degenerative spine condition that occurs when a disc weakens and bulges past its normal boundaries in the spinal column. The displaced disc material becomes situated in such a way that it blocks part or all of a foramina.
MRI demonstrated a broad-based disk protrusion that was eccentric to the left and was compressing the thecal sack and the nerve root at L4-5 on that side (Figure 2). The disk was dark, revealing desiccation, but maintained good overall height.
A posterior disc protrusion can be classified by the exact location of the bulge in relation to nerve tissue: Lateral disc protrusion — is to the left or right of the spinal canal, possibly pressing on nerve roots. Central disc protrusion — is toward the center of the spinal canal, possibly pressing on the spinal cord.